Deposit Issuance and Loan Issuance

Deposit issuance means I lend you money, but I need to have it first. If Zhang San asks to borrow money to buy a house, I need to check whether I have the funds in my account first. Only then can I lend it to him.

Loan issuance means I don't need to check whether I have funds in my account. I can lend to you even if I don't have the money. When I lend it to you and you deposit it into a bank, a deposit is created.

Whether a society relies on deposit issuance or loan issuance is related to its level of productivity. (When productivity is low, loan issuance can lead to an abundance of money but a shortage of goods; when productivity is high, loan issuance is often necessary, as it enables effective consumption to drive productive progress.)